好色导航

Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify and manipulate units of sound. It is a foundational skill set critical to becoming a successful, fluent, independent reader.  The skills are in ascending order of difficulty.

Skills:

*Words in a sentence- Say a sentence. Student counts/claps/steps the number of words in the sentence

*Syllables-Say a word. Student claps the number of syllables in the word.    ex.  computer     /com/ /pu/ /ter/

*Onset-Rime-Say a word. Seperate any sound(s) before the vowel sound from the rest of the word.

ex.  cake=/c/ /ake/   ship=/sh/ /ip/ 

*Isolation-Say a word. Ask for an individual sound in the word.  ex.  What is the last sound in the word mop?  /p/

*Identification-Say a series of words with the same target sound. Identify the sound.  ex.  What is the middle sound in the words  cut, pup, gum    /u/.

*Categorization-Recognize words that belong in a set together. ex. Which word doesn't belong and why? some, house, skip, stop   Answer: house becasue it does not begin with the /s/ sound. 

*Blending-Put sounds togehter to make a word.  ex. What word is this?   /j/ /o/ /b/  answer  job

*Segmentation- break a word apart into all of its sounds.  ex.  What are all the sound in the word jump? answer  /j//u//m//p/

*Deletion-take away a sound in a word  ex. Hop without the /h/ is just?   answer /op/

*Addition-add a sound to a syllable/word.  ex. ick add /p/ answer pick   

*Substitution-change a sound in a word    ex. bug change /b/ to /t/ answer tug

How can I help my child?

One of the best ways to practice all these skills is to listen to and enjoy children's music and share numerous Nursery Rhymes and poems.

After you read a story, pick a page in the book.  Use the words on the page to go through the skills.  

The children really enjoy this practice. It only takes about 7 minutes a day but it truly is one of the most important reading skills they need to master in Kindergarten.