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Program Description

The Business Management instructional program prepares students to plan, organize, direct, and control the functions and processes of a firm or organization. Students who successfully complete the Business Management program’s coherent sequence of instruction will develop an in-depth understanding of the business and financial management practices needed for large and small enterprises. The Business Management program includes instruction in management theory, project management, human resources management and behavior, Business Management and other quantitative methods, purchasing and logistics, organization and production, marketing, and business decision-making. Throughout the Business Management instructional program, students learn and practice valuable real-world skills using industry standard office productivity software to manage business functions.

The Business Management Career and Technical Education program is delivered as a coherent sequence of courses designed to offer students knowledge and skills that meet the needs of the workplace. The Professional Skills developed by business and industry leaders across Arizona are integrated throughout the program. Business Management students develop leadership, social, civic, and career skills through participation in the state-recognized Career and Technical Student Organization, FBLA (Future Business Leaders of America).

The Business Management instructional program prepares students for entry-level employment, further training, and/or post-secondary education for these and other occupations: Administrative Services Manager, Assistant Manager, Business Executive, Business Manager, Business Owner, Business Supervisor, Buyer, Cashier, Claims Adjuster, Examiner, and Investigator; Compensation and Benefits Manager, Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialist; Cost Estimator, Customer Service Manager, Customer Service Representative, Economist, Employment Specialist, Food Service Manager, Fundraising Manager, General Manager, Human Resources Manager, Human Resources Specialist, Information Clerk, Insurance Sales Agent, Insurance Underwriter, Loan Officer, Lodging and Hospitality Manager, Logisticians, Management Analyst, Management Consultant, Meeting, Convention, and Event Planner; Operations Manager, Operations Research Analyst, Personnel Manager, Production Manager, Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Manager; Purchasing Agent, Purchasing Manager, Real Estate Broker, Real Estate Sales Agent, Retail Manager, Retail Sales Worker, Sales Manager, Teller, and Training and Development Manager

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TECHNICAL STANDARDS

STANDARD 1.0 ANALYZE GENERAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

1.1

Compare and contrast types of business ownership (i.e., sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, LLC, nonprofit, etc.)

1.2

Compare and contrast vertical and horizontal management structures in business

1.3

Explain the functions of management (e.g., planning, organizing, leading, and controlling)

1.4

Define leadership styles [e.g., roles of leadership (direct, coach, support, and delegate)]

1.5

Define management styles (e.g., authoritative, affiliative, participative, pacesetting, and coaching)

1.6

Compare and contrast leadership and management and how one affects the other

1.7

Assess how a business' social responsibility affects business decisions (i.e., stakeholders, community activities, environment, etc.)

1.8

Identify the impact of cultural and social environments on domestic, international, and global trade

1.9

Examine the impact of business cycles on the economy and business activities

1.10

Describe how government policies influence business management decisions (i.e., worker and consumer regulations, environmental protections, market regulations, Privacy Act, HIPAA, HR, etc.)

1.11

Explain economic indicators and trends and how they impact businesses (i.e., GDP, CPI, inflation, unemployment, etc.)

1.12

Describe a budget as a tool used for planning and controlling within an organization (i.e., types of budgets, how to create, etc.) and demonstrate how budgets can be used to guide strategic planning (i.e., forecast, tactical planning, etc.)

1.13

Compare and contrast the role of stakeholders (i.e., financing projects, creating schedules, setting milestone dates, educating developers, etc.) and the role of a board of directors for a business (i.e., advising, advocating, making decisions on issues, strategic planning, accountability, etc.)

STANDARD 2.0 ANALYZE BUSINESS FINANCIAL PRACTICES

2.1

Describe ways in which credit history and other factors affect credit scores (e.g., payment history, debt-to-credit ratio, length of credit history, new credit, and amount of credit available)

2.2

Explain types of business financial services [i.e., merchant services, credit lines, types of accounts, digital banking services, online payment services (Apple Pay, Venmo, Cash App, Zelle), etc.]

2.3

Analyze economic principles (e.g., scarcity, factors of production, productivity, production possibilities curve, opportunity costs, and tradeoffs) and their impact on financial decisions

2.4

Describe factors that affect economic decision-making (e.g., supply, demand, taxes, inflation, interest rates, exchange rates, scarcity, incentives, competition, productivity, surplus, and shortage)

2.5

Compare types of financial statements used in a business financial report (i.e., balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, budget vs. actual, etc.)

2.6

Analyze financial measures of performance used in business decision-making [i.e., cost-benefit analysis, marginal analysis, return on investment (ROI), etc.]

2.7

Identify the types and benefits of insurance (e.g., life, health, property, liability, and debt protection)

2.8

Explain accounts receivable and accounts payable and how they impact day-to-day business operations, including cashflow

2.9

Describe financing sources for a business (i.e., credit, venture capital, cash, crowd funding, etc.)

2.10

Explain payroll setup (i.e., EIN, federal and state tax withholding, benefits, work hours, social security, Medicare, etc.)

2.11

Examine common taxes and tax forms (e.g., state, federal, 1040, W2, and W4)

2.12

Identify investment options (i.e., stocks, bonds, mutual funds, cryptocurrency, etc.)

STANDARD 3.0 ANALYZE MARKETING CONCEPTS

3.1

Identify the principles of marketing and explain their importance to an organization [i.e., target market, marketing strategies (4Ps), market segmentation, marketing channels, etc.]

3.2

Compare and contrast marketing channels (e.g., people, organizations, and activities) and channels of distribution (e.g., direct selling, selling through intermediaries, dual distribution, and reverse channels)

3.3

Describe factors that impact markets (e.g., supply and demand, price floors and ceilings, competition, and monopolies)

3.4

Explain the purpose and content of a marketing plan

3.5

Explain advertising as a component of marketing

3.6

Describe how businesses compete for market share (i.e., innovation, strengthening, customer relationships, smart hiring practices, acquiring competitors, etc.)

3.7

Analyze the role that data and market research play in marketing decisions (i.e., demographics, motivations, priorities, etc.)

3.8

Explain the benefits of global trade (i.e., opens up new markets and exposes countries to goods and services)

3.9

Explain the importance of protecting intellectual property (IP) for the individual and the business (e.g., protecting an idea or concept and protecting patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets)

STANDARD 4.0 ANALYZE HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTIONS

4.1

Identify different types of employees (i.e., full time, contractors, consultants, part time, interns, etc.)

4.2

Describe factors that may affect staffing over time (i.e., promotion policy, future growth plans, technology used by business, gig economy, etc.)

4.3

Discuss the content of a job description and a job profile

4.4

Describe mediums that identify candidates for available positions (i.e., Indeed, social media, LinkedIn, Upwork, etc.)

4.5

Explain the hiring process, including the importance of inclusion, diversity, equity, equal opportunity, and the right to work

4.6

Define workplace culture (i.e., what it is, why it matters, etc.)

4.7

Discuss the hiring process (i.e., interview process/documents, résumé, cover letter, in person and/or virtual presentation, background, skills, certifications, licensures, etc.)

4.8

Describe the new-hire onboarding/orientation process including organizational policies and procedures, job roles and responsibilities, employee benefits, and employee rights

4.9

Explain the characteristics and importance of professionalism in the workplace

4.10

Explain the process of monitoring and evaluating employee performance (i.e., 30/60/90-day, annual, semi-annual, etc.)

4.11

Explain disciplinary actions and dismissal procedures (i.e., performance improvement plan, etc.)

STANDARD 5.0 ANALYZE PROJECT MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

5.1

Identify project management tools used to management work tasks and document outcomes (e.g., GANTT, project management timeline, project network diagram, Kanban board, scrum board, cross-functional flowchart, checklist, and regression analysis)

5.2

Identify process automation tools and describe their uses (i.e., Asana, Zapier, Spatial.io, etc.)

5.3

Determine specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound (SMART) goals for a project

5.4

Explain the importance of scheduling in project management and what it includes [e.g., resources (money, people, materials), goals and tasks, timeline with start and end dates and milestones]

5.5

Identify factors used to evaluate progress in meeting project goals (i.e., monitoring, tracking, weekly/monthly meetings, workflow charts, etc.)

5.6

Identify project risks (i.e., purpose is not well defined, deliverables are incomplete, no control over staffing priorities, scheduling conflicts, etc.) and methods to manage those risks (i.e., well defined and reasonable scope of work, costs, time, technology, and resources are in line with scope of project, SWOT analysis is used to assess project strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, etc.)

STANDARD 6.0 ANALYZE TECHNOLOGY AND WEB-BASED TOOLS

6.1

Explore how technology benefits consumers (i.e., responsive services, convenience, enhanced experiences, decision-making support, etc.)  and how it impacts business (I.e., efficiency, work performance, customer experience, etc.)

6.2

Identify hardware used to generate business communications and reports [i.e., smart devices (phones, tablets), Internet of Things (IOT), Augmented Reality (AR), etc.]

6.3

Identify software used to generate business communications and reports (i.e., word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, graphics, etc.) and to create and design printed/electronic promotional materials (i.e., flyers, brochures, etc.)

6.4

Apply web search skills to research industry best practices, challenges, opportunities, etc.

6.5

Describe how e-commerce and other electronic methods impact the global marketplace [i.e., online portals (marketplace, trading, and discussion), etc.]

6.6

Explain the effects of a digital footprint on an individual and on an organization (i.e., encryption, archiving data, etc.)

6.7

Identify issues and regulations affecting computers, other devices, the internet, and information privacy (i.e., HIPAA, COPPA, CISPA, FERPA, PCI, GDPR, data brokers, etc.)

6.8

Identify common computer threats (e.g., viruses, phishing, suspicious email, social engineering, spoofing, identity theft, and spamming)

6.9

Identify the elements of cybersecurity and its effect on an individual and organization (i.e., data loss, lawsuits, etc.)

STANDARD 7.0 ANALYZE CUSTOMER SERVICE AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION

7.1

Write and speak in the workplace language, using industry terminology when appropriate

7.2

Describe the elements of customer service and their impact on a business (e.g., availability, courtesy, consistency, accuracy, responsiveness, and efficiency)

7.3

Use effective communication/research techniques to obtain accurate information from sources, audiences, and clients

7.4

Explain how communicating in person, sending an email, and texting a message affect the quality of communication (i.e., consider body language, choice of words, relying on autofill, etc.)

7.5

Use verbal, nonverbal, and listening skills with people of diverse cultures and generations

7.6

Describe how electronic communication is used in the workplace (e.g., cell phone, text messaging, and social networking)

7.7

Format communications for the purpose, audience, and medium/media

7.8

Use editing and proofing skills and check spelling when reviewing communications

7.9

Explain options for virtual engagements (i.e., meetings, conferences, and workshops in TEAMs, Zoom, Skype, etc.)

7.10

Explain how intellectual property can be violated through email (e.g., sender uses wrong email address, recipient forwards the email, an Excel attachment contains hidden content in a tab, and data is forwarded to personal email account)

7.11

Describe the importance of business communications such as reports, charts, and narratives on the success of an organization

7.12

Describe the role of networking and relationships in the success of an organization