好色导航

For Your Head: Creating a Culture of Reflection

Taken from Treating Reflection as a Habit, Not an Event, By Andrew Miller ()

"We know that reflection increases student learning. It supports growth mindset and encourages students to improve and learn from their mistakes. We may engage our students in reflection in our classrooms, but it’s not often habitual—I know I’ve been guilty of treating reflection as an event rather than as something we do all the time.

With all the challenges of teaching content and assessing learning outcomes, we can fall into the trap of skipping the reflection. And benchmarks in the year such as student-led conferences or mid-semester reflection points may perpetuate the narrative that reflection is an event. But while these benchmarks are important, we need to move away from larger events and make time for frequent reflection as part of the classroom culture and routine.

What can we do to make this a reality in our crowded schedules?"

Setting More Frequent Short Term Goals

Have students set daily goals related to your daily learning targets. Have them reflect on their progress at the end of class. Do the same for units or modules within your class.

Checking In Quickly 

Quick check-ins with low-stakes and straightforward questions framed around What, So What, and Now What will help make reflection a part of your routine in the classroom. Some questions to use include: What did you accomplish today? What was something you already knew that was reinforced? What was the most important thing you learned today? What did you appreciate the most today? What do you need to learn more about? What emotions do you need to be aware of next time? What are you most interested in learning about next?

Adopting a Process Portfolio

A process or working portfolio to which students regularly add their work - exemplars, but more importantly drafts & other works in progress - can help encourage a culture of reflection in your classroom. They show growth and honor the process of learning.

Making Sure It's Routine

Help foster the mindset of reflection and growth by keeping the tasks low-key and routine. Big announcements make students think its a big, formal, event. Keep it simple and frequent: direct questions or easy prompts, building the expectation for constant reflection, focusing on growth and learning over end products and grades.

For Your Heart: Self-Assessment

For Your Hands: Reflection Techniques for Students

Taken from

1. Growth Mindset and Goal Setting: Building goal setting & reflection into the daily routine in the classroom helps them develop an understanding of the power in these activities and helps them build a growth mindset.

2. Asking Students to Reflect on a Deeper Level: This taxonomy of reflection levels will help encourage your students to take their reflection deeper. Some contexts may call for surface level reflection, some may call for deeper thinking. Remember: What did I accomplish? Understand: What is important about what I did? Apply: Where could I use this again? Analyze: Are there patterns in my work? In my behavior? Evaluate: How well did I do? What could be done differently? Extend: How can I use this knowledge in future work? And finally: What have I discovered about myself as a learner?

3. Model Your Own Reflection: Narrate your though process for students as you reflect on lessons you've just taught or other experiences. Talk through mistakes you made and how you might make other choices next time.

4. Reflect 'N Sketch: Give students the option to respond to guiding questions drawing their reflection to an activity, task or project. 

5. Reflection Vlog: Along the same lines, give students the option to video record their reflections (using the same guiding questions others are asked to use). They can post them in a public forum or a more private forum (emailed to you or posted to your Canvas assignment).

6. Analyze Your Work from the Teacher's Perspective: Have students use rubrics or their knowledge of how you assess work to look at their work through your eyes. What would you look for or expect to see? What guidelines have you asked them to follow? 

7. Scrapbook: Have students capture their work process with larger projects. They can take pictures of different elements and components of the project as they go and assemble them together at the end to provide a context for reflecting on their roles and progress along the way.

8. The Cube of Reflection: Create a cube for project groups to use during their collective reflection. Each side should be labeled with the taxonomy questions to help guide their discussion.

9. Social Media: Create a class blog or webpage through your school site for students to post pictures of their work & reflections of their process or learning experience.

10. Semeseter Reflection: In addition to the routine, simple, and frequent reflections you've build into your class experience, encourage deeper reflection in academic, out-of-school and personal arenas at bigger moments, like the end of a semester, so students can consider their whole life in reflecting on themselves as learners.